Bioplastics and chemicals derived from biological raw materials are being hailed as the next big thing for the chemical industry, a development that could have a huge impact on both that industry and the many others that depend on it. This technology has its critics, but its proponents believe it has the potential to introduce all kinds of new products and reduce dependence on oil. In this article, the authors look at potential business models for this small but growing technology. They single out three possible futures and estimate how this promising new area could develop over the coming years.